Barber’s Buildings
123 Cuba Street
Photo: WCC - Charles Collins, 2014
Looking along Cuba Street, Wellington, in 1870. Shows the Wellington Dye Works on the right. The Nag's Head and Wesleyan Church in the distance, to the left.
National Library Reference: Cuba Street, Wellington. Ref: 1/2-032512-F. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. http://natlib.govt.nz/records/22338639
National Library reference: Cuba Street, Wellington, with the premises of Barber & Co, steam dyers and cleaners. Tyree Studio :Negatives of Nelson and Marlborough districts. Ref: 1/2-011651-G. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. http://natlib.govt.nz/records/23112678"
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Constructed
1910
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Heritage Area
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Architect(s)
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Builder(s)
Rose & Muir
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Built in 1910, this three storey Edwardian Baroque edifice has significant architectural value for its lively and decorative Beaux Arts façade and is one of the most distinctive buildings in the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
This building has historic value for its association with the Barber family, who operated their dye business from this site for over 70 years, and also for its designer, notable Wellington architect William Crichton. This building also has a long history of use as a physical culture and dance studio, has been home to Footnote Dance since the 1980s.
This distinctive building is part of a significant group of Edwardian commercial buildings on Cuba Street which make significant contribution to the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
The building façade has had relatively few intrusive modern alterations and retains substantial areas of original building fabric. -
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History
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This building was built in 1910 for Barber & Co. as a dye works, replacing an earlier wooden building on the site. The building was designed by Architect William Crichton, of the firm Crichton and McKay.
Barber’s was established at this same site on Cuba Street in 1863 as a dyeing and cleaning business by William P Barber, who came to New Zealand in the 1850s aboard the ship Oliver Laing. In the 1860s there was a five-roomed house, “built of the best totara timber” on the site, and the Te Aro stream ran across the section.
WP Barber retired in 1882 and the business was taken over by his eldest son, William Henry Peter Barber. William Barber became a Councillor for Te Aro Ward in 1891 and served at least two terms. In 1893 William was joined by his younger brother EJ Barber who became a partner in the business.
By the 1890s a two-storey timber building had replaced the earlier totara house on the site. In 1897 the premises was described as “being of wood and iron, and two stories high.” The business was successful, with trade extending “all over the Colony, and occasionally even to Australia.”
When the present building was erected in 1910, the façade was described as being “in the modern Renaissance style, of red brick with cement enrichments.” The ground floor was designed as two large shops, divided down the middle, with a wide entrance to the upper floors. The dye works were transferred to Petone, and one of the shops became the firm’s headquarters in Wellington. Barber & Co continued to operate from the shop at 125 Cuba Street until the mid 1930s. The building was owned by the Barber family until 1943.
Various tenants have occupied the shops and rooms at 123 – 125 Cuba Street (or 123a – 125 as the address was known historically). Occupants include JWM Harrison, ‘Physical Culturist and Masseur’ who leased a space for his studio where he taught curative exercises. Also of interest are the Wellington Jewish Women’s Club, who used the top floor as a clubroom in the 1920s, The Unity Centre, The New Zealand Communist Party and the Maritime Social Club.
From the 1930s to present, the upper floors of the building have been used as a dance studio. Dorothy Daniels Academy of Dancing occupied the top floor of the Barber’s building for about 40 years, and was “one of the focal points of ballet life in Wellington.” As well as being the headquarters of her flourishing school, the studio was the venue for some Royal Academy of Dancing ballet examinations. Over the years many intensive tuition courses and rehearsals by other theatre or dance groups were held in the studio. By 1980 the studio was occupied by the Deidre Tarrant Academy of Dancing. Now operating as Footnote Dance, the studio occupies both the first and second floor of the building.
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Modifications
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1910
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Construction (8722)
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1937
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Verandah in yard (B17297)
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1960
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Verandah and fire escape (rear of building) (C9474)
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1964
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Reinstate verandah (Cuba Street frontage) (C15984)
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1996
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Alterations to façade (SR16920)
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1999
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Strengthening (SR57692, SR53783). The street façade and building were strengthened. The building owner, Ian Borrin, received $25,000 from the WCC Earthquake Risk Building Fund.
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Occupation History
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1915 - 1930
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Barber & Co Barber & Co (5, dyers & cleaners (Stones 1915-16, 1920, 1925, 1930).
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1935
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various tenants in shop at 125 and floors above. Includes:
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1935 - 1940
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Victoria Laundry Co (Stones 1935,1940)
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1950 - 1962
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Blake Electrical (Wises1950-51, 1955, 1961-62)
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1955 - 1968
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New Zealand Communist Party (Wises1955, 1961-62, 1967-68)
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1955 - 1968
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Unity Centre Inc (Wises1955, 1961-62, 1967-68)
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1961 - 1968
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Maritime Social Club (Wises1961-62, 1967-68)
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1971 - 1975
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Dorothy Daniels Dancing Academy (Wises1971-72, 1975)
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1980 - 1990
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Deidre Tarrant Academy of Dancing (Wises1980, 1985, NEED 1990).
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unknown
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Various tenants in shop at 123. Includes:
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1915 - 1920
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Stamford & Co, ladies' hairdressers (Stones1915-16, 1920
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Architectural Information
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Building Classification(s)
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Not assessed
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Architecture
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The Barber’s Building is a three storey Edwardian Commercial building and the lively, decorative Edwardian Baroque /Beaux Arts façade is one of the finest and most elaborate in the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
The original ground floor shop fronts and rusticated columns have unfortunately been replaced in a mish-mash of styles and finishes, but the façade above verandah level is substantially unaltered. The façade here is carefully articulated and the windows and ornamentation are deeply modelled. The unique pair of top storey lunette windows high-light the symmetrical composition of its façade and make a singular contribution to the character of the street. The square-headed and segmentally-arched windows on the upper floors are also prominently moulded and recessed. The façade is notable for the combination of rendered brick ornamentation, and for the polychromatic bands of rendered and plain facing brick, and three of these elaborate polychromatic pilasters tie the central window elements together. Although the polychromatic effect has been altered at the base of the pilasters where the brick and render has been over-painted. The building is capped by an arched pediment, with a heavily-decorated cornice below, and stucco festoons. This intriguing façade makes a strong positive contribution to the lively Edwardian character of the Cuba Street precinct.
The building is comprised of two separate retail units on the ground floor, and dance/ ballet studios on the floors above. The interior retains significant areas of original building fabric particularly in the stairwell which features a fine timber stair, skirting, panelled doors (including ironmongery) and the t&g timber wall linings.
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Materials
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The construction is load-bearing brick masonry with timber roof trusses. There is a modern sprung dance floor at the second floor level.
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Setting
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This block is the principal pedestrian zone of Cuba Mall and includes the local landmark of the Bucket Fountain and a variety of landscaping, trees and street furniture and a number of interesting and important buildings.
This block and the next have the highest concentration of Edwardian commercial buildings in Cuba Street and consequently have the highest architectural, heritage and streetscape value in Cuba Street. The most important of the surviving Edwardian buildings are found on this block, including the Wellington Working Men’s Club, Murphy’s Irish Bar (no. 119-123), Barber’s Building and the Hotel Bristol.
Barber’s Building is between the Bristol Hotel to the south, and no. 119-121 (a two-storey building designed by Crichton in 1900) to the north.
The characteristic scale of buildings on this block is three tall stories, a level defined by the Wellington Working Men’s Club and reflected in the Farmers Building, Hotel Bristol, Barbers Building, and others. There are a number of two-storied buildings, including Murphy’s Irish Bar (no. 119-123), Iko Iko and the former Gear Meat building; the tallest building on the block is no. 126 (occupied by the Friendly Bakery) at a high four stories.
Most of the buildings have flat-roofed verandahs attached at the first floor which have a strong similarity of form and scale; several buildings have fire-escapes leading down to these verandahs. The verandah to Murphy’s Irish Bar has been converted to a balcony with a discrete metal railing.
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Building Classification(s)
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Cultural Value
Built in 1910, this three storey Edwardian Baroque edifice has significant architectural value for its lively and decorative Beaux Arts façade and is one of the most distinctive buildings in the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
This building has historic value for its association with the Barber family, who operated their dye business from this site for over 70 years, and also for its designer, notable Wellington architect William Crichton. This building also has a long history of use as a physical culture and dance studio, has been home to Footnote Dance since the 1980s.
This distinctive building is part of a significant group of Edwardian commercial buildings on Cuba Street which make significant contribution to the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
The building façade has had relatively few intrusive modern alterations and retains substantial areas of original building fabric.
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Aesthetic Value
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Architectural
Does the item have architectural or artistic value for characteristics that may include its design, style, era, form, scale, materials, colour, texture, patina of age, quality of space, craftsmanship, smells, and sounds?
This three storey Edwardian Baroque / Beaux Arts design has architectural value for its inventive and decorative façade. It is one of Wellington’s most idiosyncratic heritage buildings.
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Group
Is the item part of a group of buildings, structures, or sites that taken together have coherence because of their age, history, style, scale, materials, or use?
This building is part of a row of Edwardian commercial buildings on the east side of Cuba Street which makes a strong positive contribution to the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
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Townscape
Does the item have townscape value for the part it plays in defining a space or street; providing visual interest; its role as a landmark; or the contribution it makes to the character and sense of place of Wellington?
This distinctive building makes a strong contribution to Cuba Street. It sits in the heart of the highest concentration of Edwardian commercial buildings in Wellington, the centrepiece of the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
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Historic Value
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Association
Is the item associated with an important person, group, or organisation?
This building has historic value for its association with the Barber family and notable Wellington architect William Crichton.
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Association
Is the item associated with an important historic event, theme, pattern, phase, or activity?
This building is associated with the strong growth and development of Cuba Street during the Edwardian period, which resulted in the building of many fine commercial buildings.
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Social Value
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Identity Sense Of Place Continuity
Is the item a focus of community, regional, or national identity? Does the item contribute to sense of place or continuity?
This building is part of a group of Edwardian commercial buildings on Cuba Street which contribute to the sense of place and continuity of the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
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Sentiment Connection
Is the item a focus of community sentiment and connection?
This building has a long history of use as a physical culture and dance studio. For many years the studio was one of Wellington’s focal points of ballet life, and since the 1980s it has been home to Footnote Dance.
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Level of Cultural Heritage Significance
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Authentic
Does the item have authenticity or integrity because it retains significant fabric from the time of its construction or from later periods when important additions or modifications were carried out?
The façade of this building remains largely intact with a high level of original building fabric, despite modifications and the addition of a balcony.
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Local Regional National International
Is the item important for any of the above characteristics at a local, regional, national, or international level?
This building is of local importance, as it contributes to the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
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Rare
Is the item rare, unique, unusual, seminal, influential, or outstanding?
This building is rare for its design, which makes it one of the most distinctive of all of Cuba Street’s many fine heritage buildings.
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Representative
Is the item a good example of the class it represents?
The building is also strongly representative of the architecture and history found in Cuba Street.
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Local / Regional / National / International Importance
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Not assessed
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Aesthetic Value
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Site Detail
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District Plan Number
16/ 78.3
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Legal Description
123-125 Cuba St/Pt Sec 179 T.O.W
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Heritage New Zealand Listed
2/ 3630
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Archaeological Site
Pre-1900 human activity on the site
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Current Uses
unknown
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Former Uses
unknown
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Has building been funded
No
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Funding Amount
Not applicable
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Earthquake Prone Status
Not Earthquake Prone
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Additional Information
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Sources
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- Barber, W, and Co.”, The Cyclopedia of New Zealand [Wellington Provincial District], 1897. Accessed 25 June 2012. http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc01Cycl-t1-body-d4-d42-d2.html
- Councillor William Henry Peter Barber”, The Cyclopedia of New Zealand [Wellington Provincial District], 1897. Accessed 25 June 2012.
- Crichton, William”, The Cyclopedia of New Zealand [Wellington Provincial District], 1897. Accessed 18 June 2012.
- Historic Places Trust, “Crichton, McKay & Haughton”, Professional Biographies. Accessed 18 June 2012.
- Shennan, Jennifer. 'Daniels, Margaret Dorothy Louise - Biography', from the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 19-Jan-12
- Wellington City Council, Cuba Street Heritage Area spreadsheet (blocks 1-3).
- (Wellington City Council: Unpublished report, prepared for Plan Change 48, 2006).
- CT340/114
- Stones 1915-16, 1920, 1925, 1930.
- Wises 1980, 1985
- Evening Post, Volume XC, Issue 95, 20 October 1915, Page 1
- Evening Post, Volume CIV, Issue 121, 18 November 1922, Page 4Progress, Volume V,
- Issue 10, 1 August 1910, Page 352
- Wellington Independent, Volume XXII, Issue 2560, 20 August 1867, Page 1)
- Technical Documentation close
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Footnotes
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Not available
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Sources
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Last updated: 4/20/2017 4:06:01 AM