Cadbury Brothers Building (Former)
Cadbury Warehouse, Great Expectations (former)
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Constructed
1908 - 1909
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Heritage Area
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Architect(s)
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Builder(s)
Sanders
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This building was designed by notable architects Hoggard and Prouse in 1908 and has technical value as an early example of local steel framed construction.
This building retains a high level of architectural authenticity, with a largely original façade and a high level of original building fabric.
The building has historic value for its association with the confectionery giant Cadbury.
This distinctive building has high townscape value and group value with the adjoining and nearby buildings that are mostly of a similar scale, and makes a positive contribution to, and is enhanced by, this setting.
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Downloadable(s)
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History
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This four-storey building was designed by architects Hoggard and Price for Messrs Cadbury Brothers. The permit was issued in September 1908.
The original use was as the general office and warehouse for Cadbury Brothers, chocolate manufacturers. There were two offices on the ground floor, with a showroom and a small public area. The remaining three floors were designed as a warehouse with a large lift and internal stairs providing access between floors.
Before this building was built, Cadbury Bros. Ltd. was operating from a premise on Farish Street. It is likely that this building was built as a warehouse for Cadbury goods which were imported and then distributed to retailers throughout Wellington (and perhaps further afield). When production of Cadbury products started in Dunedin in 1930, presumably the same operation continued, but with goods sourced from Dunedin instead of from overseas.
In 1824 John Cadbury (aged 22) opened his first shop in Birmingham, England, where he sold tea, coffee, hops, mustard, cocoa and drinking chocolate, which he prepared using a mortar and pestle. John Cadbury produced a range of cocoa and chocolate drinks, the latter with added sugar. The products were sold in blocks: customers scraped a little off into a cup or saucepan and added hot milk or water. Cadbury became one of the leading cocoa and drinking chocolate traders in Birmingham. In 1831 he set up a factory and began manufacturing cocoa and drinking chocolate, laying the foundations for the Cadbury chocolate empire. From 1849 the Cadbury factory produced a chocolate for eating.
Cadbury originally supplied New Zealand with chocolate and cocoa products from its factory in England. However in the late 1920s increased duty on imported goods forced Cadbury to look for a local manufacturer to remain competitive. In 1930 Cadbury amalgamated with R Hudson and Company forming Cadbury Fry Hudson. Richard Hudson had founded a biscuit bake house in Dunedin in the late 1860s. The business was successful and in 1884 he visited Europe where he purchased a chocolate-making plant. The operation is thought to be the first chocolate and cocoa manufacturing plant in the Southern Hemisphere. It was in 1930, after the amalgamation, that the first block of Cadbury chocolate was produced in Dunedin.
The building was owned and occupied by Cadbury from 1909 – 1969. After this time it has passed through numerous owners and occupiers. Occupants have included the Royal New Zealand Naval Volunteer Reserve; Great Expectations restaurant; and various retail & small businesses. In 2009 the Wellington Women’s Refuge Community Office moved into the third floor of the building. The move was in response to the increasing demand for services, for day to day crisis work and also for programmes.
The building has been subject to various alterations since it was constructed. Most alterations were internal and the façade of the building retains a significant amount of original fabric. However, the ground floor façade has been altered to longer reflects the original drawings. In 1993 additional office space was added to the rooftop.
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Modifications
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1908
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Building constructed (00053:148:8216)
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1920
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New roof over factory (00053:203:11198)
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1941
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Alterations (00056:261:B21323)
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1953
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Alterations to ground floor (00056:465:B35305)
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1954
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Partitions (00056:471:B35625)
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1954
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New lift machine room (00056:493:B37042)
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1955
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New verandah and internal alterations Alterations (00056:526:B39034)
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1982
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Alterations to lobbies, toilet facilities and shops (00058:0:C59667)
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1982
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Fit out restaurant (00058:0:C60461)
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1984
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Alterations to shop No 27 (00058:0:C64796)
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1993
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Roof addition (00059:555:E25598)
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1993
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Alteration, window and toilet (00060:4:174)
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2009
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Office partitioning, Level 1 (00078:2755:155392)
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Occupation History
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1910 - c.1968
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Cadbury Brothers (later Cadbury Fry Hudson Ltd, cocoa manufacturers (Stones 1910- 11, 1915-16, 1920, 1925, 1930, 1935, 1940, 1945, Wises 1950-51, 1955, 1961-62, 1967-68)
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c.1970 - c.1980
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Royal New Zealand Naval Volunteer Reserve (Wises 1971-72, 1975,1980)
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1895 - 1990
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various retail & small business
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c.1982
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Great Expectations, restaurant
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2009
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Women’s Refuge
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Architectural Information
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Building Classification(s)
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Not assessed
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Architecture
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The facade of this four-story Edwardian warehouse building has been boldly and skilfully designed and has a distinctive Venetian influence in its design. An important element, characteristic of warehouse design, is the use of ‘Romanesque’ arches and windows on the second floor which are supported on frank brick piers rising from the first floor. This was a popular device to ensure good lighting of interiors, particularly in combination with slender window joinery in metal. The third floor is quite exuberant, with a rare use of heavy belted or ‘candy-stripe’ columns to give striking visual interest to the top of the building. The structure is capped with an arched parapet with ‘Cadbury Bros. Ltd.’ moulded into the centre.
This building makes an important contribution to the Ghuznee Street townscape and has group value with the Counties building on Cuba Street in its style and scale, and with the neighbouring Ghuznee Buildings in its scale.
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Materials
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The construction is load-bearing brick masonry on concrete foundations. The three upper floors and the roof are reinforced concrete laid over steel joists. The stairs, most partitions, and the lift enclosures are reinforced concrete.
The plans specify the first floor front doors and shutters are to be of totara; internal doors of oregon; and a cedar counter.
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Setting
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The immediate setting of the building is the block in which it is embedded. To the west is ‘Ghuznee Buildings’ (1929), an elegant stripped classical building of similar proportions to the Cadbury Building. To the east is a string of interesting buildings, including – immediately next door, Thomas Turnbull’s small Satay Village at no. 58, the remains of the Ware Press at no. 56 and the former Gear Meat building at the Cuba Street Corner. Across the road are no. 132 Cuba, Albermarle Hotel, and the refurbished Glover Park.
The majority of these buildings are of a broadly similar scale to the Cadbury Building and this gives the streetscape in this section of Ghuznee Street a high level of coherence that enhances and is enhanced by the heritage values of the buildings.
The wider setting includes central Te Aro, particularly Cuba Street.
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Building Classification(s)
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Cultural Value
This building was designed by notable architects Hoggard and Prouse in 1908 and has technical value as an early example of local steel framed construction.
This building retains a high level of architectural authenticity, with a largely original façade and a high level of original building fabric.
The building has historic value for its association with the confectionery giant Cadbury.
This distinctive building has high townscape value and group value with the adjoining and nearby buildings that are mostly of a similar scale, and makes a positive contribution to, and is enhanced by, this setting.
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Aesthetic Value
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Architectural
Does the item have architectural or artistic value for characteristics that may include its design, style, era, form, scale, materials, colour, texture, patina of age, quality of space, craftsmanship, smells, and sounds?
This building retains a high level of architectural authenticity, without intrusive modern additions or alterations.
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Group
Is the item part of a group of buildings, structures, or sites that taken together have coherence because of their age, history, style, scale, materials, or use?
This building has group value with the adjoining and nearby buildings, particularly 62-64 Ghuznee Street, and 134 Cuba Street.
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Townscape
Does the item have townscape value for the part it plays in defining a space or street; providing visual interest; its role as a landmark; or the contribution it makes to the character and sense of place of Wellington?
This distinctive building has high townscape value and group value with the adjoining and nearby buildings that are mostly of a similar scale, and makes a positive contribution to, and is enhanced by, this setting.
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Historic Value
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Association
Is the item associated with an important person, group, or organisation?
This building has historic value for its association with the confectionery giant Cadbury.
It also has historic value for its association wit the designers, architects Hoggard and Prouse.
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Association
Is the item associated with an important historic event, theme, pattern, phase, or activity?
This building has historic value for its association with the strong growth and development of Cuba Street during the Edwardian period, which resulted in the construction of many fine commercial buildings.
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Scientific Value
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Archaeological
Does the item have archaeological value for its ability to provide scientific information about past human activity?
This building is located in the Central City archaeological site, reference NZAA R27/270.
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Technological
Does the item have technological value for its innovative or important construction methods or use of materials?
This building has technical value as an early example of local steel framed construction. The original plans, sections and elevations survive. These give a good insight into Edwardian warehouse design.
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Social Value
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Identity Sense Of Place Continuity
Is the item a focus of community, regional, or national identity? Does the item contribute to sense of place or continuity?
This building is part of a group of Edwardian commercial buildings on Ghuznee Street which contribute to the sense of place and continuity of the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
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Level of Cultural Heritage Significance
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Authentic
Does the item have authenticity or integrity because it retains significant fabric from the time of its construction or from later periods when important additions or modifications were carried out?
The façade of this building remains largely intact with a high level of original building fabric.
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Local Regional National International
Is the item important for any of the above characteristics at a local, regional, national, or international level?
This building is of local importance, as it contributes to the Cuba Street Heritage Area.
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Representative
Is the item a good example of the class it represents?
This building has representative value as an example of Edwardian warehouse design.
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Local / Regional / National / International Importance
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Not assessed
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Aesthetic Value
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Site Detail
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District Plan Number
16/ 131
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Legal Description
Lot 1 A 2524
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Heritage New Zealand Listed
Not listed
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Archaeological Site
Central City NZAA R27/270
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Current Uses
unknown
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Former Uses
unknown
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Has building been funded
Yes
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Funding Amount
$60,500.00
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Funding Details
November 2007 - $12,500 grant awarded towards repair and maintenance work to the building's exterior including plaster repair, re-pointing brickwork, timber repair, waterproofing, sill flashings, sign repair and painting.
Funding Type: Preservation/Other
March 2008 - $8,000 grant awarded towards the replacement of the building roof. NB: This was originally granted to fund seismic assessment of the building, however the urgent need to replace the existing roof, saw an application made to change the purpose of the funding, which was permitted.
Funding Type: Preservation/Other
November 2014 - $50,000 grant awarded as a contribution towards the seismic strengthening of the building.
Funding Type: Seismic Strengthening
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Earthquake Prone Status
124 Notice
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Additional Information
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Sources
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- “Great Expectations Catering Ltd.”, Miramar Links – Wedding Venue, updated July 17, 2006,
- Historic Places Trust, “Hoggard & Prouse - Architect”, Professional Biographies, accessed October 12, 2012,
- Kelly, Michael, and Russell Murray, Cuba Street Heritage Area Report (Wellington City Council: Unpublished report, prepared for Plan Change 48, 2006), 35.
- Lochhead, Ian J. “Gummer, William Henry – Biography”, from the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated September 1, 2010
- “The Story of Cadbury”, Cadbury website,
- Wellington City Council, Cuba Street Heritage Area spreadsheet (block 4). (Wellington City Council: Unpublished report, prepared for Plan Change 48, 2006).
- Wellington City Council, Wellington Heritage Building Inventory 2001: Non-Residential Buildings. (Wellington City Council, 2001).
- Wilcox, Sarah. “Food and beverage manufacturing - Baking and confectionery”, Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated March 4, 2010,
- “Women’s Refuge moves to meet demand”, Wellington Scoop, May 8, 2009,
- Evening Post, Volume LXXV, Issue 107, 6 May 1908, Page 1
- “60 Ghuznee Street, warehouse”, September 30, 1908, 00053:148:8216, WC Archives
- Technical Documentation close
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Footnotes
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Not available
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Sources
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Last updated: 10/6/2017 1:48:40 AM