Khandallah Library

Building A – Khandallah Branch Library

8 Ganges Road, Khandallah, Wellington
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  • Constructed

    1953 - 1953

  • Builder(s)

  • The Khandallah Public Library is a good representative example of 1950s Modernist architecture and can be seen as the quintessential representative of the suburban library of which many were built in Wellington in the 20th Century. It is notable for the simplicity and horizontal emphasis of the design, the articulation of the Ganges Street elevation and foyer, and the unusual use of materials particularly the raised lettering on the façade, the glass block windows and the detailing of the exposed concrete walls.

    The building is associated with the expansion of Wellington’s library and the growth of Khandallah as a suburban centre.

    The building has served as Khandallah’s library since 1953 and it has social value as a well-used public amenity in this northern suburb. It is well visited because of its community function and its association with Plunket, while trees and seats in front of the building add to its amenity value.

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  • close History
    • In 1928 the City Librarian suggested that further branch libraries be established in some of Wellington’s suburbs, a trend first begun in 1902 with the founding of Newtown Library. This plea led to the establishment of the Miramar, Lyall Bay and Wadestown libraries (and a small branch in the Ngaio Town Hall) but then development stopped.

      Khandallah, which had been included on the list, missed out, despite the efforts of the Khandallah Progressive Association (KPA), which consistently lobbied for this facility. The Wellington City Council did in fact vote money for a library in 1936 and investigated suitable sites but a ratepayer loan poll rejected the proposal and it was shelved.

      In 1943 KPA presented the WCC with a petition signed by 1292 Khandallah residents requesting a local library. Fortunes had changed, and in 1944 a poll of ratepayers voted to continue the general library construction work and a loan of £30,000 was raised to fund the building of more libraries, among them Khandallah. A site was bought in Ganges Road in 1944, and plans were drawn up. Due to what was described as ‘building restrictions’ – the result of World War II related exigencies – work did not begin immediately. In fact it was some years before construction started. After WWII the council even considered borrowing steel army huts as a temporary measure.

      In 1947, after some local agitation, a temporary library opened at 8 Ganges Road in one half of what had been a domestic dwelling. The local Plunket Society occupied the other half. This library was stocked with books by the mobile library when it was operating. Another loan of £15,000 was raised in 1950 to facilitate more library construction and half of that amount was allocated to the Khandallah Library.

      Although the City Engineer designed the building in 1951, construction did not start for a further two years. The tender of L.E. Borrell (£7,139) was accepted in December that year. The interior was essentially divided into two, with the adult’s section on one side and the children’s on the other, with a circular issues desk in the middle. The librarian’s office was located behind the desk. The old dwelling survived behind the new library, and continued to be used by the Plunket Society.

      The building was opened on 27 August 1953. A significant feature of the library was that, although most of the stock came from the central library, a fund for book purchase was set up in the memory of historian and bibliophile, Fanny Irvine-Smith. Irvine-Smith lived in Simla Crescent, and had worked hard to establish the library; she died in 1949, before work on the building had even begun.

      Strikingly modern for the time, the building continued the popularity of the temporary branch library and maintained the pace of development of the city’s library network. In 1989 when closure was mooted by the WCC as a cost-cutting exercise, Khandallah residents presented a large petition to the mayor, Jim Belich, who promised to retain the facility. Similar rumours about closure in the early 1990s did not eventuate.

      Alterations to the interior layout were made in 1998, which involved installing new custom-wood shelves and carpeting over the parquet floor (which survives underneath). The building remains in use as a library to this day.

    • Modifications close
      • 1909 - 1909
      • House House (now Plunket Rooms constructed at the rear of the site
      • 1953 - 1953
      • Library constructed on the site
      • 1998 - 1998
      • Refurbishment including alterations to the layout of the shelving, issues desk, & staff areas.
      • 2009 - 2009
      • New roof coverings
    • Occupation History close

      Not assessed

  • close Architectural Information
    • Building Classification(s) close

      Not assessed

    • Architecture close

      The Khandallah Branch Library is a single-storey building in reinforced concrete, broadly rectangular in plan and measuring 9.5 metres wide by 17 metres. It is set just above the street on a long section that also contains the Plunket Rooms, in a converted house, at the back of the site.

      The building is distinctly of the post-war Modern stream of New Zealand design. The main architectural feature is concentrated at the entrance; the internal space beyond and the side and rear elevations are rather more utilitarian and less ambitious in their design.

      Features of the building which mark it out as an early and important example of post-war Modernism in Wellington include the simplicity and horizontal emphasis of the design, the flat roof with the play of two horizontal planes (best visible from the side elevations), the glass blocks at the entrance, and the honest use of exposed concrete. A neat reference to the vernacular is the patterned front wall of the building where the concrete has been poured against corrugated asbestos sheet to relieve the otherwise plain surfaces.

      Concrete is employed for the foundations, floor, walls and structural beams that span the full width of the building. An almost flat timber roof spans between the beams in two planes, the original fabric roof now replaced with long-run metal roofing. The original flooring was timber parquet (which still exists under the modern carpet).

      Apart from several small service rooms, the library is one large space, well lit by long horizontal bands of windows high in the walls with the bookshelves below. It is entered from a porch on the front left corner, with the check-out desk straight ahead.

      The building has moderate townscape value in the Khandallah centre and is of a compatible scale with the other buildings in the area.

    • Materials close

      Concrete frame, walls & floor.

      Lightweight flat roof, copper guttering, Fibrolite eaves, timber structure.

    • Setting close

      The Khandallah Branch Library is located in the middle of the Khandallah shops and is adjacent to many of the area’s community facilities. The immediate setting is low-rise, with the tallest buildings two storeys in height. The Plunket Rooms is on the same site, in a converted house, and illustrates the strong early partnership Plunket had with Wellington City Council. The building makes a positive contribution to the local streetscape.

      The wider setting draws in the residential areas of Khandallah, distinctive for its winding roads and hillside houses, which form an attractive back-drop to the shopping area.

  • close Cultural Value

    The Khandallah Public Library is a good representative example of 1950s Modernist architecture and can be seen as the quintessential representative of the suburban library of which many were built in Wellington in the 20th Century. It is notable for the simplicity and horizontal emphasis of the design, the articulation of the Ganges Street elevation and foyer, and the unusual use of materials particularly the raised lettering on the façade, the glass block windows and the detailing of the exposed concrete walls.

    The building is associated with the expansion of Wellington’s library and the growth of Khandallah as a suburban centre.

    The building has served as Khandallah’s library since 1953 and it has social value as a well-used public amenity in this northern suburb. It is well visited because of its community function and its association with Plunket, while trees and seats in front of the building add to its amenity value.

    • Aesthetic Value close
      • Architectural

        Does the item have architectural or artistic value for characteristics that may include its design, style, era, form, scale, materials, colour, texture, patina of age, quality of space, craftsmanship, smells, and sounds?

        The Khandallah Public Library is a good representative example of 1950s Modernist architecture and can be seen as the quintessential representative of the suburban library of which many were built in Wellington in the 20th Century. It is notable for the simplicity and horizontal emphasis of the design, the articulation of the Ganges Street elevation and foyer, and the unusual use of materials particularly the raised lettering on the façade, the glass block windows and the detailing of the exposed concrete walls.

      • Group

        Is the item part of a group of buildings, structures, or sites that taken together have coherence because of their age, history, style, scale, materials, or use?

        The building is associated with the Plunket Rooms that are located to the rear of the site. 

      • Townscape

        Does the item have townscape value for the part it plays in defining a space or street; providing visual interest; its role as a landmark; or the contribution it makes to the character and sense of place of Wellington?

        The building contributes to the pleasant scale and character of the group of retail and community buildings in Khandallah’s main shopping area in Ganges Road.

    • Historic Value close
      • Association

        Is the item associated with an important person, group, or organisation?

        The building has an association with the memory of Fanny Irvine-Smith a local personality who was one of the city’s most well known historians and booklovers.

      • Association

        Is the item associated with an important historic event, theme, pattern, phase, or activity?

        The building is associated with the expansion of Wellington’s library and the growth of Khandallah as a suburban centre. 

    • Scientific Value close
      • Archaeological

        Does the item have archaeological value for its ability to provide scientific information about past human activity?

        Unknown risk.

    • Social Value close
      • Public Esteem

        Is the item held in high public esteem?

        The building has served as Khandallah’s library since 1953 and it has social value as a well-used public amenity in this northern suburb. It is well visited because of its community function and its association with Plunket, while trees and seats in front of the building add to its amenity value.

    • Level of Cultural Heritage Significance close
      • Authentic

        Does the item have authenticity or integrity because it retains significant fabric from the time of its construction or from later periods when important additions or modifications were carried out?

        This house has considerable authenticity, retaining significant amounts of interior and exterior materials as well as authenticity of setting. 

    • Local / Regional / National / International Importance close

      Not assessed

  • close Site Detail
    • District Plan Number

      21/412

    • Legal Description

      Pt Lot 62 DP 1828

    • Heritage New Zealand Listed

      Not listed

    • Archaeological Site

      Risk unknown

    • Current Uses

      unknown

    • Former Uses

      unknown

    • Has building been funded

      No

    • Funding Amount

      Not applicable

    • Earthquake Prone Status

      To be assessed

  • close Additional Information
    • Sources close
      • Hood, B.G ‘Wellington’s Branch System’, New Zealand Libraries, Vol. 12 No. 5 June 1949
      • Murray, Russell. “Khandallah Library”, unpublished WCC Heritage Report for DPC 58
      • WCC Archives ref 00001:889:24/58: Town Clerk File Khandallah Library Part 1 (WCA) for correspondence; Petition 31/8/43. See Town Clerk File 24/58 pt.1; WCC Minute Book 55 12/6/1946; WCC Minute Book 56 16/7/1949; Building Permit 00056:435:B33222, WCA (Plans dated June 1951, permit issued July 1952, building completed 1953); Town Clerk to Royal NZ Society for the Health of Women and Children, 17/9/53. Town Clerk File 24/58 pt.2; Town Clerk File 24/58 pt.3; Permit 00078:716:44430, 1998. WCA
    • Technical Documentation close
    • Footnotes close

      Not available

Last updated: 11/24/2016 3:28:41 AM